Since 1997 Representation has been the key go-to textbook for students learning the tools to question and critically analyze institutional and media texts and images. This long-awaited Second Edition updates and refreshes the approach to theories of representation by signaling key developments in the field, addressing the emergence of new technologies and formats of representation, from the internet and the digital revolution to reality TV. It includes an entirely new chapter on celebrity culture and personalization, debates about representation and democracy, and involves illustrations of an intertextual nature cutting across various technologies and formats in which ‘the real’ or the authentic makes an appearance. The book offers new exercises, readings, images, and examples for a new generation of students. This book will once again prove an indispensable resource for students and teachers in cultural and media studies.